Guinea Makes Claim to Sierra Leone Territory
25th July 2009 · 1 Comment
Can someone please tell me why Guinea wants to claim land/territory belonging to Sierra Leone? Does being someone’s neighbour grant you automatic rights to steal their property or make claim to what is theirs? The republic of Guinea’s blatant disregard for the norms of international territorial integrity is ever more apparent in its claim to Yenga, a territory that has been part of Sierra Leone since cartography was invented. Yenga is a small but strategic town that lies between Guinea and Sierra Leone.
To give you a background of this blustering act of political foolishness by the Guinean authorities; Sierra Leone went through a brutal civil war that saw the intervention of ECOMOG (The West Africa Sub-Regional Military Force) of which Guinea contributes a contingent . The Guinean army first occupied it in 1999 as a buffer against insurgents who were then crossing from Sierra Leone to attack towns and villages inside Guinea. This meant that the Guineans must have witnessed or observed the merciless attacks on innocent Sierra Leoneans that left most of these people scarred for life; some even lost their lives and limbs.
As if that was not enough to instigate a conscientious approach to what most analysts have described as laughable, the Guineans refused to leave Yenga after the civil war and maintained a strong military presence in the area after learning of the abundant mineral resources that the territory holds. Their presence has reportedly disrupted farming activities by the local people and restricts their movements in their own locality.
Although this may have been the handiwork of the late Lansana Conte, former President of Guinea, the new Military Junta seems to have entrenched themselves with the political belief that they should maintain the stance taken by the previous regime and push for a share of the territory. Sierra Leone being a peaceful country has sought to resolve the issue through dialogue. President Koroma has even setup an exploratory committee to look into the matter and find a resolution to a dispute that is not of our making. Although this act may have given validity to the Guinean claim, it also shows the true statesmanship of the Sierra Leone President Ernest Bai Koroma and his desire to live in peace with his neighbours.
The Yenga issue has the potential to escalate into a serious conflict and the International community should be urged to intervene and prevent Sierra Leone slipping back into a terrible state of war. Without a doubt, Yenga belongs to Sierra Leone. Guinea cannot prove otherwise. Their claim to Yenga is without any legal justification. And Guinea should recognise the determination and resolve of all Sierra Leoneans around the world to ensure that what is truly theirs be handed back without any fuss.
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By Daily Mail
THE WAR FOR YENGA HAS BEGUN!
AN OPEN LETTER
TO
H. E. MR. BAN KI-MOON
SECRETARY GENERAL
THE UNITED NATIONS
760 UNITED NATIONS PLAZA
UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS
NEW YORK, NY 10017
February 16, 2011
Re: Rightful Return of Yenga to Sierra Leone
Your Excellency, although I applaud the United Nations for halting ethnic wars in Africa, I must bring to your attention some fresh intentions of war and ethnic disunity, as African dictators have proven to be the bane of African development. They have ruined our African way of life with unnecessary wars, causing human misery and destruction of the African continent. In 1998 the late Guinean president, Lansanah Conteh, sent a mechanized army of Guinean soldiers to occupy Yenga, a village in Sierra Leone. The carnage in Sierra Leone and Liberia had ended, but the Guinean soldiers stayed behind in Sierra Leone with their heavy tanks and other military equipment. They met the poor and unarmed Kissi in the area, beat them, even killed many, and then went inland to occupy more villages in the Kissi chiefdom. Their bid to take over the villages there was short-lived, because the chiefs stood up to them and drove them out of those villages. However, they still occupy the Kissi village of Yenga to this day.
Your Excellency, the village of Yenga belongs to Sierra Leone. No one can dispute that fact. In 1912, a treaty between Britain and Francethe former colonial masters demarcated the border between Sierra Leone and Guinea. Also, at a conference in Dakar on September 7, 2004, Guinea agreed to return the disputed border village of Yenga to Sierra Leone, according to a joint communiqué signed by President Tejan Kabba of Sierra Leone and the late President Lansanah Conteh of Guinea. Although the civil war ended in Sierra Leone in January 2002, the Guinean troops who went to Sierra Leone to support the Sierra Leone government forces against the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebel movement still remain in Yenga.
Your Excellency, the world has seen the brutality of the Guinean government against its own people. After gaining independence from France in 1958, the government of the late Guinean President Sekou Toure gave orders to shoot and kill anyone fishing or canoeing on the Makona River. This river forms the natural boundary between Sierra Leone and Guinea in the northeast, and the area lies at the center of the Mano River Union countries: Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. The indigenous people of the area are the Kissi, who live on the banks of Nongoa in Guinea, Yenga in Sierra Leone, and Foya in Liberia. The Guinean government from the 1950s to the early part of 1970s has killed nearly 10 Kissi fishermen on the Makona River; as the Guinean mistakenly took them to be coffee and cacao smugglers or Guinean farmers who surreptitiously crossed the Makona River at night to sell their products in Sierra Leone. There, they could gain greater profits, as the Guinean currency was devaluated. Also, Sekou Toure’s government was at loggerheads with the French government and with any country that encouraged the neo-colonialism that President Toure preached feverishly against in his regime.
Your Excellency, the brutality of Guinean regimes also drove hundreds of Guineans of all origins across the Makona River, and the Kissi accepted and lodged them in towns like the international market town of Koindu, in Toli chiefdom, and as far as the distant Kissi chiefdoms of Kissi Kama and Kissi Tongi. Yet, the past Guinean regimes have used the peaceful Kissi people as the bait of genocide and for target practice as they continue to stay in Yenga. We, the Kissi, will support our government in Sierra Leone to use every ounce of authority, through diplomatic means or military force, to recapture Yenga from Guinean terrorists who have terrorized our poor Kissi kinsmen and abused the territorial structures of our sovereign nation, Sierra Leone.
Your Excellency, during the Guinean presidency of the late Lansanah Conteh, rebels attacked Forecariah, which lies less than 100 km from the capital city of Conakry, and where tens of thousands of refugees from Sierra Leone and Liberia were stationed. In early September 2000, Conteh broadcast an inflammatory statement on state radio and television blaming the rebel incursions on refugees. This provoked widespread attacks by Guinean police, soldiers, and civilian militias on the already traumatized refugees throughout the Republic of Guinea. Refugees from Sierra Leone and Liberia were raped constantly and beaten mercilessly; no one reported these incidents. Many refugees were killed across Guinea at that time, and among them were the Kissi.
Your Excellency, the Guinean contingent at Yenga should be considered terrorists, and an invasion of Sierra Leone should be considered a volatile issue. I am requesting that the Security Council look into this issue as soon as possible, or else reclaiming Yenga by our military force cannot be ruled out. The Kissi in the area have lived in fear for their lives, since the Guinean soldiers have been subjecting them to unnecessary and constant victimization. No schools have functioned, and villagers have been stopped from laying their farms since 1998, because the Guinean troops have claimed beleaguered Yenga to be part of Guinea. I do not see any point of further negotiations on this matter, since Yenga is in Sierra Leone. How can any army from a neighboring country cross a river and usurp the soil of another country?
Your Excellency, I urge the United Nations Security Council to give this matter its most urgent attention. Tempers are flaring for the positive eviction of a brutal Guinean army on the soil of our sovereign nation, Sierra Leone, and for the Guinean terrorists to stop brutalizing our unarmed and poor Kissi kinsmen and kinswomen in the Yenga area.
Long live the United Nations!
Respectfully,
Michael Fayia Kallon
PhD Student – Public Safety, Criminal Justice
& Homeland Security
Capella University
225 South 6th Street
Minneapolis, MN, 55402
(Home Address)
71-15 Beach Channel Drive Avenue
Apt. 6R
Arverne, New York 11692
USA
Email: Kallonb@aol.com
Website: http://www.makonabooks.com
cc:
Her Excellency Maria Luiza Ribeiro Viotti
President
United Nations Security Council
760 United Nations Plaza
United Nations Headquarters
New York, NY 10017
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Secretary of State
U.S. State Department
2201 C Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20520
H. E. Ernest Bai Koroma
The President of Sierra Leone
c/o Permanent Mission of Sierra Leone to the United Nations
245 East 49th Street
New York, NY 10017
Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
The President of Liberia
c/o The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Liberia to the United Nations
866 United Nations Plaza, Suite 480
New York, NY 10017
H. E. Alpha Conde
President of the Republic of Guinea
c/o The Permanent U.N. Mission of the Republic of Guinea
140 East 39th Street
New York, NY 10016